Observation

 

This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was fair. In part (a)(i) and (ii) majority of the candidates did well in it. In part (b)(i) and (ii) they did not do well in it. Majority of the candidates were able to name fat and water soluble vitamins. In part (c) many candidates correctly defined antenatal and post-natal, but many candidates could not explain dilation stage.
The expected answers are as follows: 
(a) (i)      ROUGHAGE
    Roughage is indigestible fibrous food materials/cellulose materials consumed by humans to aid digestions or bowel movement.
                                                                                   
 (ii)   FOOD ITEMS THAT COULD BE SOURCES OF ROUGHAGE IN HUMAN DIET

• fruits/named
• vegetables/named
• grains/named
• nuts/named
• tubers/named                                                   

  (iii)   IMPORTANCE OF ROUGHAGE IN DIET
-      aids digestion
-      prevents constipation
-      stimulates movement of the bowels (b)(i)      FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
-           Vitamin A
-           Vitamin D
-           Vitamin E
-           Vitamin K

        (ii) WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS
-         Vitamin B series
-         Vitamin C/ ascorbic acid

(c)    EXPLANATION OF TERMS IN RELATION TO REPRODUCTION

• Antenatal

This is the care provided in the hospital to the pregnant women and the foetus  before birth/during the period of gestation.

• Post-Natal

This is the care provided in the hospital to a new born baby and the mother after birth; for proper growth and development.

• Dilation Stage

This is the period in which the cervix of the uterus expands/stretches to allow the baby come out of the mother’s womb.