Observation

The candidate was required to define Ladabtarwa (Punishment) in (13a) and list four people that are responsible for the discipline of offenders in the society in (13b). The following explanations should be considered relevant:

1. (a)        Ma’anar ladabtarwa:

   Ladabtarwa shi ne matakin da ake ɗauka na yin horo ga wanda ya aikata wani laifi a cikin al’umma. Ana aiwatar da haka ne domin ya zama darasi ga sauran al’umma da kuma nufin gyara halayya da ɗabi’un wanda ya aikata laifin.

1. (b)       Waɗanda suke ladabtar da mai laifi a tsakanin al’umma:

      i iyaye

     ii yayye
    iii maƙwabta
   iv mai unguwa
   v dagaci
   vi alƙali
   vii hakimi
   viii sarki

   ix   malami
   x dattawa
   xi hukuma (misali ’yan sanda) da sauransu.

Candidates’ performance on this question was good.