Question 7
(a) (i) Explain the term industrial health services. [3 marks]
(ii) State three facilities that are essential to improve the health status of factory workers. [3 marks]
(b) (i) What are occupational hazards? [2 marks]
(ii) State five measures that should be taken to reduce occupational hazards in an industry. [5 marks]
(iii) Outline three reasons why health insurance scheme is necessary. [3 marks]
Observation
The candidates that attempted this question did not do satisfactorily well as they were not concise with their responses.
The expected answers are:
(a) (i) Industrial health services
Are the totality of all health facilities, measures and education; provided to ensure and sustain the health of workers; in an industrial set up/factories.
(ii) Facilities that are essential to improve the health status of factory workers
- clinic/medical unit/sick bay/infirmary
- first aid box/equipment
- canteen/restaurant to provide nourished food
- recreational facilities/sports centre
- safety/caution/warning signs
- protective /wears e.g. boots /gloves/helmets/named
(b) (i) Occupational hazard
Is anything that is dangerous /cause damage/injury/risk; in the course of performing one’s duty e.g. excessive heat/temperature; excessive noise, poisonous fumes/gas/slippery floors, defective equipment/gadgets.
(ii) Measures to reduce occupational hazard in an Industry
- orientation of workers about hazard
- display of signs / warnings / cautions in special places
- provision/wearing of protective equipment
- training on safety precaution/measures to avoid hazards
- provision of standard/appropriate equipment/machines
- awareness on the effects of occupational hazard on individual’s health
- provision of proper lighting
- provision of adequate ventilation
(iii) Reasons why health insurance scheme is necessary
- to cater for the extended family health needs
- to reduce cost of health burden
- to cater for health challenge/problems/improving health standards
- it gives every individual equal opportunity to access health care services
- improves /sustain health standards
(c) Importance of health record
- for adequate planning
- to know the actual number of people suffering from a particular disease/at a particular time
- to make provision for the treatment of people suffering from particular diseases
- it also assist government to make health provisions for the citizens
- to control epidemic/pandemic/endemic diseases
- to know the health background of an individual/patient as it also assists medical officers to know the type of treatment/medication to be given to patients