Observation

 

 

This question was attempted by majority of the candidates and their performance was good. Many candidates wrote equipment instead of method in Question 1(a)(ii). In Question 1(b)(i) and (ii), candidates were relating their answers to crops and not fish. In Question1(c), many candidates supplied wrong answers as they could not differentiate the advantages of the three types of aquaculture given.

The expected answers are as follows: 

(a)        (i)         Meaning of feed regime

It is how and when fishes are fed including the proportion of feed given / dispense in relation to their body weight. It also includes the frequency of feeding OR It is a plan that specifies the diet amount and schedule of nutritional intake

            (ii)        Methods of feeding fish

                        -           Broadcasting method/ manual feeding
-           Spot feeding/ manual feeding
-           Automated feeding
-           Demand/ mechanical feeding
           

            (iii)       Advantages of the methods of feeding

                        Broadcasting method/ manual

                        -           Fish have more access to feed/ it reduces competition for food
-           Suitable for floating feed
-           Widespread/ uniform distribution of food

                        Spot/ manual feeding

                        -           Enables farmer to observe fishes during feeding
-           Reduce feed wastage
-           Suitable for water management


Automated feeding

-           Less labour intensive/ saves time
-           Feeds adlib / fish feed to satiation
-           Reduces feed wastage
-           No competition for feed

 

Demand/ mechanical feeding
                             
-           No competition for feed
-           Reduces feed wastage
-           Saves time/ less labour intensive                   

 

(b)        Explanation of types of aquaculture

            (i)         Monoculture

It involves stocking / rearing a single species of fish or aquatic organism in a facility

            (ii)        Polyculture

It is a culture / rearing of two or more species of fish or aquatic organisms in a culture facility at the same time

            (iii)       Integrated fish farming

It is a system of culturing fish with other crops (e.g. rice, vegetables fruits) and or animals (e.g. cattle, pigs, poultry) at the same time on the same piece of land.

(c)        Advantages of the types of aquaculture

            Monoculture

            -           Encourages multiple stocking timeS per year
-           Encourages high stocking density/ intensive culture
-           Encourages specialization
-           Enables early detection of diseases

            Polyculture

                -           Allows for full utilization of the pond ecosystem/ aquatic feeding levels
-           It is suitable for extensive culture system
-           It is less labour intensive

            Integrated fish farming

                -           The farmer is insured against total loss
-           Proper utilisation of land/ resources
-           To provide multiple sources of income
-           Minimizes cost of production
-           Increases profit of the farmer