observation

This question was attempted by many candidates. Most candidates performed poorly as they could not name the labelled parts.
In part (a) (i) candidates found it difficult to label correctly, papillae epidermis, sebaceous gland, malphighian, layer and cornified layer were wrong in spellings e.g. papilla, epidermis and sebaceous.
In part (b) most of the candidates could not identify the correct part for example hair sharft was taken for hair papillae, Dermis for epidermis, sweat gland for sebaceous gland..
The expected answers include:
Naming of the part I TO XII
 I   Homy/cornified layer
 II   Malpighian layer
III   Hair shaft/follicle
IV  Dermal papillaelblood vessel
V   Sweat gland

Functions of I, II, V and VIII

I/Cornfied layer     -   protects the underlying  layers of the skin from injury.
II/Malpighian  layer  -   contains pigments which give the  skin its colour
V/Sweat gland        -   production of sweat/excretion/temperature reduction
VII/Adipose tissue -   layer insulates the body agonist heat lost

(b)(i)  Temperature regulation
III/hair shaft;
IV /blood vessels,
V/sweat gland
XII/nerve ending
X/erector muscle

(ii) Roles of the parts named in 1(b) i n cold environment

Ill/hair shaft        - stands erect to bring about heat conservation
IV/blood vessels   - constrict, reducing heat loss.
V/sweat gland      -  produces less sweat which reduces the amount of heat loss.
XIII/nerve ending  -  contracts to make hair stand erect
X/erector muscle   -  stimulated by cold environment.

(iii) Disorders of the skin

- Boils