This question was attempted by few candidates and the performance in it was poor. Candidates found it very difficult to state the contributions of the persons mentioned to health.
The expected answers were:
Major Contributions
(a) Sir Ronald Ross
- Found out how the malarial parasite entered the blood stream
- And that the vector was the female Anopheles mosquito.
(b) Robert Koch
- Discovered that bacteria was responsible for cholera and tuberculosis;
- Tuberculosis could be controlled by burning bodies of victims.
- Discovered the use of dyes to make microbes visible under microscope.
(c) Joseph Lister
- He started the application of microbiological discoveries to surgical work.
- He introduced aseptic surgery.
(d) Sir Alexander Fleming
- He studied bacteria.
- Discovered and developed penicillin.
- Pioneer of use of antibiotics.
(e) Anthony Leuwenhoek
- He invented lenses
- He discovered microorganisms/microbes.
- He pioneered culturing of bacteria.
